The past decade has seen a revolution in archaeogenetics. Access to autosomal DNA from our pre-historic hominid forefathers has served as the final piece of the puzzle in many a questions about our own ethno-cultural genesis. This is partly due to how much cheaper it has become
- there is something wonky with your model of the bengali sample, as Bangladesh samples are clearly 10% e asian, not 6%. the AASI looks too high, but that's not as clear on something like PCA. you see can see the 10% shift off the India cline
- the paniya are not any more AASI than the pulliyar. they have some west eurasian ancestry via 25% ~IVC or so. no one is pure AASI
- the AASI are not "close" to the andamanese or se asia negrito groups. divergence is 35,000 years ago or so last i saw in reich lab supplements. they are closest
- probably should caveat that some of the *specific* estimates are strongly conditional on sample set and parameter conditions on models. the overall results make intuitive sense though
East of zagros, caucus, upto japan From farsi to ethnic russians all are same bharatiya people.
Pls do a stud by rajasic, tamasic desires , respect for resources and so on
U will find the EU christo islamic idiots not even falling in tamasic gene. U will rakshashik gene whr u will find no respecting parents, earth, soil, water, wind , the very forces/sources that sustain their own life.
A rakshasa wud one who rapes his own mother like not any relationally, but with resources, bhoomi, and hence they useless illogical abstract gods.
Excellent in-depth analysis of modern Indian groups with respect to ancient basal clades. Provides rich context and detracts the simplistic ANI-ASI hypothesized construction.
Just one remark - Niraj Rai has indicated in an interview that the Steppes component has intruded into India after the end of the PGW culture (later than 700BCE)
Very good post, however, would like to mention a few points
- The IVCp (Indus Peripheries) cluster of Narasimhan already had AASI, so net AASI in all the groups is the sum of AASI ancestry percentage obtained using Onge as a source and AASI ancestry present in the IVCp cluster. So, it's inaccurate to say that Lohana samples have just 8.9% AASI ancestry as you are not accounting for the AASI ancestry present in the IVCp cluster.
This can be demonstrated by the fact that a different model in narasimhan's paper where IVCp cluster is replaced by IVCp-West( i.e. Indus periphery cluster obtained after removing the high AASI samples), the AASI ancestry in Lohana samples jump up to 16.5% and their Steppe ancestry mildly decreases to around 23%.
- It's incorrect to claim that the West Siberian Hunter gatherer related ancestry was introduced by incoming Steppe herders, this is because the Indus Periphery samples already has WSHG related in varying proportions.
In a hypothetical scenario in the future, a more WSHG rich sample can easily depress the Steppe estimates in present day further.
Please collect the data of Raika (Rabari) caste, there are around 100 villages of Huns in Raika caste, there are Scythian like Raikas in North Rajasthan, while in Saurashtra region the highest number of Huns Rabaris are 50 villages. And others look like Turks.
Sorry man. Little knowledge is dangerous. 1st you must know who is who before posting publicly and skewing stuffs in the wrong direction.
Nepali A are Nepali Khas speaking Khas Brahmins from hills of Nepal.
Nepali A2 is a Bhojpuri/Maithili speaking Terai (plainland) Brahmin from Nepal similar to Bihari and East UP Brahmins.
Nepali B is a mix of Nepalese Brahmins and Nepalese Kshatriyas (similar to Kumaoni/Garhwali Rajputs).
Nepali C is mostly mixed group but represent an average similar to Nepalese Kshatriyas (Pahari Rajput like group). These data are from Xing et al 2010 (same study as Punjabi Arain Pakistan) and some of these data are not useful tbh. They had low 20,000 SNP count approx.
These are of higher quality coverage (Illumina 720k).
A= Nepali Khas Brahmin (Bahun) from hills
B = mix of Brahmin and Kshatriya
C = Nepali Khas Kshatriya (Chhetri) from hills
D = Likely Khas Dalit from hills
outlier1 (o1) = Newars
outlier2 (o2) = Tibeto-Burmese tribes
Telugu GBR HG04025.SG = IVCp proxy since Shahr I Sokhta BA3 is too much IranN shifted for Nepalis.
I feel the ratio or share of Steppe ancestry in a caste or group is a direct function of where the caste originated geographically. There would also have been significant cases of caste compression where different castes combined to become a new caste.
It is very much possible that let say IVC migrants across castes to appropriate/call themselves upper caste in a new place as
1. There would have been less no of people within their original caste in a new place to inter-marry
2. They would have considered themselves of higher caste strata compared to locals
So the trader + priestly migrants from IVC to say South India might have become one Brahmin caste.
Excellet post - Somethings were new to me- Especially the info on Ror/Jatt samples - viz Anatolian ancestry and Siberian HG. Oriyas and Marathi Data is low though - the Not northies nor southies. Also whats the proportion of Iranian v AASI taken in the IVC proxy u took ?
i think this is a good post, but a few notes
- there is something wonky with your model of the bengali sample, as Bangladesh samples are clearly 10% e asian, not 6%. the AASI looks too high, but that's not as clear on something like PCA. you see can see the 10% shift off the India cline
- the paniya are not any more AASI than the pulliyar. they have some west eurasian ancestry via 25% ~IVC or so. no one is pure AASI
- the AASI are not "close" to the andamanese or se asia negrito groups. divergence is 35,000 years ago or so last i saw in reich lab supplements. they are closest
- probably should caveat that some of the *specific* estimates are strongly conditional on sample set and parameter conditions on models. the overall results make intuitive sense though
but overall, this is good survey
Agree with approach n all.
But why so much mental masturbation?
East of zagros, caucus, upto japan From farsi to ethnic russians all are same bharatiya people.
Pls do a stud by rajasic, tamasic desires , respect for resources and so on
U will find the EU christo islamic idiots not even falling in tamasic gene. U will rakshashik gene whr u will find no respecting parents, earth, soil, water, wind , the very forces/sources that sustain their own life.
A rakshasa wud one who rapes his own mother like not any relationally, but with resources, bhoomi, and hence they useless illogical abstract gods.
No gratitude, courtesy culture
Excellent in-depth analysis of modern Indian groups with respect to ancient basal clades. Provides rich context and detracts the simplistic ANI-ASI hypothesized construction.
Just one remark - Niraj Rai has indicated in an interview that the Steppes component has intruded into India after the end of the PGW culture (later than 700BCE)
Very good post, however, would like to mention a few points
- The IVCp (Indus Peripheries) cluster of Narasimhan already had AASI, so net AASI in all the groups is the sum of AASI ancestry percentage obtained using Onge as a source and AASI ancestry present in the IVCp cluster. So, it's inaccurate to say that Lohana samples have just 8.9% AASI ancestry as you are not accounting for the AASI ancestry present in the IVCp cluster.
This can be demonstrated by the fact that a different model in narasimhan's paper where IVCp cluster is replaced by IVCp-West( i.e. Indus periphery cluster obtained after removing the high AASI samples), the AASI ancestry in Lohana samples jump up to 16.5% and their Steppe ancestry mildly decreases to around 23%.
- It's incorrect to claim that the West Siberian Hunter gatherer related ancestry was introduced by incoming Steppe herders, this is because the Indus Periphery samples already has WSHG related in varying proportions.
In a hypothetical scenario in the future, a more WSHG rich sample can easily depress the Steppe estimates in present day further.
Please collect the data of Raika (Rabari) caste, there are around 100 villages of Huns in Raika caste, there are Scythian like Raikas in North Rajasthan, while in Saurashtra region the highest number of Huns Rabaris are 50 villages. And others look like Turks.
Sorry man. Little knowledge is dangerous. 1st you must know who is who before posting publicly and skewing stuffs in the wrong direction.
Nepali A are Nepali Khas speaking Khas Brahmins from hills of Nepal.
Nepali A2 is a Bhojpuri/Maithili speaking Terai (plainland) Brahmin from Nepal similar to Bihari and East UP Brahmins.
Nepali B is a mix of Nepalese Brahmins and Nepalese Kshatriyas (similar to Kumaoni/Garhwali Rajputs).
Nepali C is mostly mixed group but represent an average similar to Nepalese Kshatriyas (Pahari Rajput like group). These data are from Xing et al 2010 (same study as Punjabi Arain Pakistan) and some of these data are not useful tbh. They had low 20,000 SNP count approx.
These are of higher quality coverage (Illumina 720k).
A= Nepali Khas Brahmin (Bahun) from hills
B = mix of Brahmin and Kshatriya
C = Nepali Khas Kshatriya (Chhetri) from hills
D = Likely Khas Dalit from hills
outlier1 (o1) = Newars
outlier2 (o2) = Tibeto-Burmese tribes
Telugu GBR HG04025.SG = IVCp proxy since Shahr I Sokhta BA3 is too much IranN shifted for Nepalis.
distance: 1.76
sample: Average (Nepali Indo-Aryan A)
NPL Chokhopani 2700BP: 6.6
Telugu GBR HG04025.SG: 52.6
RUS Srubnaya Alakul MLBA: 28.2
UZB Dzharkutan1 BA: 12.6
distance: 2.35
sample: Average (Nepali Indo-Aryan B)
NPL Chokhopani 2700BP: 16.2
Telugu GBR HG04025.SG: 50.4
RUS Srubnaya Alakul MLBA: 22.2
UZB Dzharkutan1 BA: 11.2
distance: 1.82
sample: Average (Nepali Indo-Aryan C)
NPL Chokhopani 2700BP: 23.6
Telugu GBR HG04025.SG: 51
RUS Srubnaya Alakul MLBA: 19.4
UZB Dzharkutan1 BA: 6
distance: 3.20
sample: Average (Nepali Indo-Aryan D)
NPL Chokhopani 2700BP: 26.4
Telugu GBR HG04025.SG: 71
RUS Srubnaya Alakul MLBA: 2.6
UZB Dzharkutan1 BA: 0
distance: 2.36
sample: Average (Nepali Indo-Aryan o1)
NPL Chokhopani 2700BP: 58.8
Telugu GBR HG04025.SG: 35
RUS Srubnaya Alakul MLBA: 6.2
UZB Dzharkutan1 BA: 0
distance: 1.67
sample: Average (Nepali Indo-Aryan o2)
NPL Chokhopani 2700BP: 72
Telugu GBR HG04025.SG: 24.2
RUS Srubnaya Alakul MLBA: 3.8
UZB Dzharkutan1 BA: 0
We wuz aryans
Can you please refer to the source of the data on which you built your model. Thank you.
I feel the ratio or share of Steppe ancestry in a caste or group is a direct function of where the caste originated geographically. There would also have been significant cases of caste compression where different castes combined to become a new caste.
It is very much possible that let say IVC migrants across castes to appropriate/call themselves upper caste in a new place as
1. There would have been less no of people within their original caste in a new place to inter-marry
2. They would have considered themselves of higher caste strata compared to locals
So the trader + priestly migrants from IVC to say South India might have become one Brahmin caste.
Excellet post - Somethings were new to me- Especially the info on Ror/Jatt samples - viz Anatolian ancestry and Siberian HG. Oriyas and Marathi Data is low though - the Not northies nor southies. Also whats the proportion of Iranian v AASI taken in the IVC proxy u took ?
Woah lahoris have high AASI, unexpected. Though Bangladeshis do look like high AASI
Were Yamnaya Steppe Pastoralists Indus-descendants?